32^nd European Pediatrics Congress July 22-23, 2020 Florence, Italy

Biography:

Camille-Marie Go-Cacanindin has obtained her Medical Degree at the age of 25 years from University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Medicine and Surgery and Pediatric Residency Training from Philippine Children’s Medical Center. She is currently a Pediatric Cardiology Fellow in training at Philippine Heart Center, a tertiary cardiovascular referral center.

Abstract:

Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery arising from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) occur in 1 in 300 000 live births. The most common origin of the abnormal LCA is from the pulmonary truncal sinuses. The rarest form of ALCAPA presents with anomalous left coronary artery arising from the right pulmonary artery. This is a case of 1 month old female presenting with Dyspnea , 2D echocardiography revealed ALCAPA. Intraoperativley, the Left Coronary Artery was found to be originating from the Right Pulmonary Artery. The patient underwent coronary implantation and LeCompte procedure.

In the most common form of ALCAPA, the abnormal coronary artery arises from the adjacent pulmonary valvar sinus, rather than the pulmonary trunk. In this case, the Anomalous Left Coronary Artery originated the Right Pulmonary Artery. Such case has an incident of 1 in 2,000,000 live births. This is the first reported case in a tertiary cardiovascular referral center.  In fetal life, this has no detrimental effect since pressures and saturations are similar in the aorta and pulmonary artery. After birth, however, the pulmonary artery contains desaturated blood at pressures that rapidly fall below systemic pressures. The left ventricle is perfused with desaturated blood at low pressures leading to infarction with ventricular dysfunction. Coronary translocation and Lecompte maneuver was done which provided relief for the patient’s condition.

Biography:

Dr Barbara Fialho C Sampaio, is coordinator of clinical research and Posdoctoral Researcher in the Medical School of São Paulo University. Develop innovative diagnostic research using non-invasive techniques, which aims to create possibilities for expanding diagnosis of infectious diseases. She is focused today is on the detection of measles, rubella and mumps in human saliva, such as had developed a new diagnostic technique to detect the vaccination status of children using saliva as an alternative biological fluid to blood.

Abstract:

Safe and effective vaccines are a well-established public health intervention, with a major impact on the decline in the prevalence of infectious diseases, but outbreaks are occurring frequently due to primary and secondary failures. Serological control of the vaccination status and protection of a population is essential but is based on invasive blood sampling, problematic for children and teenagers. Saliva can be as acceptable alternative IgG source for children and other protected groups, due to IgG exuded in crevicular fluid. We intended to detect the prevalence of specific IgG response for measles, mumps, rubella and T. gondii in saliva samples, for evaluate vaccine efficiency and toxoplasmosis. For sampling, we promoted an interactive exhibition on hygiene in public elementary schools to collect 249 saliva samples from 7 to 13 years old students from São Paulo, Brazil. We developed and validated an IgG capture assay by solid phase S. aureus protein A, with revealing of IgG specificity by the use of biotinylated recombinant measles, rubella, mumps and T. gondii tachyzoites extract. This SpA capture assay fixes the same amount of IgG in the well, avoiding the IgG content variation in saliva. We used 50 validated positive sera from the IMTSP biorepository and as negative controls 40 pools of 4 samples from 160 discarded sera from children 6 and 10 months old, after maternal IgG clearance and before vaccination, which were in routine pediatric analysis in ICr HCFMUSP. The assays had reproducibility greater than 98% and sensitivity and specificity> 95%, using sera. Saliva and sera of 47 university students were tested for paired comparison, without discordance. We detected in the saliva from elementary students, a prevalence of 8.5% (95% CI 5-11.9%) for anti T. gondii IgG of, anti-measles IgG of 96.8% (95% CI 94.6-99%), anti-rubella IgG of 59.1% (95% CI 53-65%) and anti-mumps IgG of 57.5% (95% CI 51.3-63.6%). The prevalence of antibodies against mumps and rubella was lower than measles, as described in other reports, but this approach shows the feasibility of saliva for sustained follow-up of vaccine immune status in teenagers for devising more adequate re-immunization protocols. Our approach was efficient in all aspects, from the hygiene exhibition for sampling, the use of saliva and the development of reliable tests for the determination of the IgG protection in students and the prevention of toxoplasmosis, in declining incidence. This approach allows cheaper follow-up for IgG detection of several diseases, including vaccine control. Appropriate public health measures, such as revaccination, can be properly planned and developed for avoiding outbreaks and upsurge of controlled infectious diseases.

Biography:

Carlos Jose Mendoza Fox is a Pediatric Pulmonologist from Lima, Peru. He works at a public hospital (Hospital Nacional Hipolito Unanue) in a high endemic tuberculosis part of Lima. He also is the pediatric pulmonologist at two private clinics (Clinica Anglo Americana and Clinica Ricardo Palma) in Lima. Investigator on pediatric tuberculosis. Member of the central committee of the National Pediatric Tuberculosis Network of Peru, International Congress on Pediatric Pulmonology and the American Thoracic Society.

Abstract:

Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a persistent state of active immune response because of the presence of mycobacterial antigens without evidence of active tuberculosis (TB) disease). Children that are exposed to TB can get infected and develop the disease. Preventive therapy (PT) allows avoiding infection and disease. There is no gold standard to diagnose LTBI. We have two immunological based tests, in vivo and in vitro, based on the activation of T cell. Neither can differentiate between LTBI and active disease. There is no way to know if the infection has been cleared, contained or have a local infection.

Risk factors for progression to disease in infected patients are HIV infection, chronic kidney disease, glucocorticoid therapy, diabetes, severe underweight and others; but an important factor is the age at which the infection takes place: children under 4 years of age are at intermediate/ high risk. At least 4 different antibiotics are needed to treat TB disease, in order to avoid risk of resistance. For LTBI we only use 1 or 2 because the risk is almost non-existent. The drug used for more than 5 decades is isoniazid (INH) and reduces TB disease incidence between 60-90%. WHO has recommended the following regimens to treat LTBI: INH daily for 6-9 months, daily rifampicin (RFP) for 3-4 months, daily INH plus RFP for 3-4 months, and weekly rifapentine plus INH for 3 months (12 doses).The last one has shown non-inferioty versus 9 months of daily INH, less adverse effects and less discontinuation. The mentioned regimens are for sensible TB. Multidrug-resistant TB (MDRTB) patients take more time for sputum conversion so longer dissemination periods. Near 50% of close contacts of MDRTB patients develop LTBI. The usual standard of care is follow-up for 2 years and treatment if they present active disease. WHO has given recommendations for LTBI of MDRTB contacts: individualize cases searching for the intensity of exposure, certainty of source case, reliable information on the drug resistance pattern; confirmation of infection with tests; treatment selected according to the drug susceptibility profile of the source with preference for flurquinolones and close monitoring for 2 years.

Biography:

Kushala completed her MBBS from Bangalore Medical College in the year 2016. She joined her Postgraduation in Lady Hardinge Medical College by clearing one of the tough competitive exam in India. She is currently in her final year of her postgraduation and has received goldmedal in Pediatrics for best thesis during Postgraduation. She has done a lot of work in Quality improvement and antibiotic stewardship, which is the need of the hour through out the world.

Abstract:

Objective: To study the antibiotic prescribing practices of pediatrics residents and to measure the effectiveness of a structured educational intervention program on their empirical antibiotic prescribing practices.

Methodology: It is a time interrupted, non randomized trial conducted from November 2017 to march 2019 in Kalawati Saran Children’s Hospital, a tertiary care center in India. 200 children aged between 0-18 admitted with infectious illnesses were randomly selected and their antibiotic prescriptions at admission, adherence of prescriptions to national guidelines and the course during hospital stay was noted. A fish bone analysis for cause of not following guidelines was done. An antibiotic policy was prepared and disseminated to all the residents through seminars,posters and cellphone friendly documents. The change in prescribing patterns and the course of the child’s illness in hospital was observed by taking 50 cases each in the 1, 2, 3 and 6 months each after the intervention.

Results: The commonest reason for not following antibiotic guidelines was found to be subjective variation in how each resident perceives the severity of sickness of a child and that the guidelines were not easily accessible. The adherence of empirical antibiotic prescriptions was 59% before intervention which improved to 72% in the first month, 90% in the second month, 86% and 78% in the third and sixth month respectively (p=0.01).The children in non adherent group were more likely than the children in adherent group to have their antibiotics changed during the course of their treatment (p=0.03). There was no significant difference in duration of stay and the outcome in the adherent and non-adherent group.

Conclusion: Quality improvement interventions can lead to appropriate use of antibiotics in hospitalized children with no negative consequences and prevents antibiotic resistance.

Biography:

Mrs Era Deepika Dayal has completed her masters in Nursing (Pediatrics) at the age of 28 from Christian Medical College, Vellore. She is currently working as a Nursing tutor at College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences. She has presented papers at International levels and has been part of the organising committee and Speaker for many National and International Conferences and Workshop.

Abstract:

Methodology: Using quasi-experimental before and after design, this study was done over 6 weeks.  Using consecutive sampling technique, children who met the inclusion criteria were included.  CMC PAC score was marked for the children being admitted to the selected areas (nurses were blinded to the score in the control group).  The patients in the control group received standard care, whereas patients in the experimental group received care based on CMC PACS.  Clinical Outcome Indicator was used to assess the clinical outcomes at 48 hours of hospitalization.  Quality of Nursing Care Observation Checklist was used to assess the quality of nursing care every 12^th hourly.  One week between control and experimental groups was used to educate nurses and doctors regarding the CMC PACS based protocol. Satisfaction Questionnaire was used to determine their satisfaction.

Results: Majority of the population were male, well-nourished infants and had medical diagnosis. Majority of children in both groups had low risk of deterioration (CMC PACS < 4) at admission (80.6%) and also at 48 hours of hospitalization (90.3%).  No significant difference occurred in the clinical outcomes (‘p’ value = 0.435).  Significant improvement was seen in the quality of nursing care (QNC) across both groups (p<0.001).  A weak negative correlation existed between the QNC and the risk of deterioration at 48 hours (r = -.080).  QNC and clinical outcomes had no significant association (p= .116).  Majority of the registered nurses were GNM (72.5%), <30 years old (82.4%) with < 3 years of experience (70.6%).  Majority of the health care workers were moderately satisfied (52.9%- nurses, 77.8%-doctors).

Biography:

Liana Hill MSC, RN FNE, SANE-A SANE-P, Is the Forensic Nurse Examiner Program Director for Crisis Services of North Alabama. She provides direct services to victims of assault. She began the first Domestic Violence Nurse Examiner program in the state of Alabama.  Under her guidance and passion, the program now provides sexual assault, child physical abuse, domestic violence strangulation, elder abuse and suspect examinations to assist in civil and criminal cases and provide medical care to patients. She is 1 of 4 nurses in Alabama that holds both her SANE-A and SANE-P certifications.

Abstract:

How many times have you heard a child disclose sexual abuse because they don’t want their younger siblings to endure the same abuse they have? This case study looks through the eyes and actions of a 15  year old as she shares her disclosure, which sometimes worked and other times it did not. From the social media posts, to telling teachers and family members she was finally able to disclose her innermost secrets, which she endured for over half her life. The presentation will show clips from her forensic interview, how should a victim react? you decide if she sounds credible, even some multi-discplinary  team members found her actions difficult to watch. Her suicide attempts and gender confusion are also discussed, two other issues that impacted how people percieved her.

The Forensic nurse’s examination of the 15 year old  and her siblings and the findings will be reviewed. Along with the criminal investigation and the final outcome of the case. As providers of care to victims of abuse, if you learn something from this presentation, it is that no one reacts the same to trauma.

Biography:

Dr Noorhuda Abdul Mutalif has completed her Medical Doctor (M.D.) degree from The National University of Malaysia 2013. She is currently working as Medical Officer in Orthopaedic Department, Melaka General Hospital, aspiring to be Orthopaedic Surgeon.

Abstract:

Introduction: Septic joint morbidity and mortality risks are significantly reduced with advent of antibiotics. Despite arthrotomy washout and long-term antibiotics this patient still developed pan-osteomyelitis and later a pathological fracture.

Case Report: This is 1 year 8 months old boy, presented with left knee pain and fever for two days. Physical examination revealed inability to weight bear on left leg, elevated temperature, swelling, tenderness and limited left knee ROM. WCC, ESR and CRP increased. Xray of showed no abnormality. Ultrasound revealed knee effusion. He was started on intravenous antibiotics. We proceeded with arthrotomy washout. Intraoperative specimens grew S.aureus. He completed 4 weeks of intravenous and 2 weeks of oral antibiotics. Two weeks later after discharge, he was seen again with recurrent symptoms. Xray shows pan-osteomyelitis and supracondylar of left femur fracture. He was again started on 2 weeks of IV antibiotics. As the symptoms improves, patient was put on above knee POP and discharge with oral antibiotics for another 4 weeks. Xray repeated 6 weeks upon discharged showed united fracture and improving bone density. Four months later, child came well, and ambulating normally.

Discussion: Incidence of osteomyelitis in septic joint patient is 68%. Strict monitoring and protected weight bearing until there is evidence of radiological improvement is suggested. Shortened intravenous and oral antibiotic therapy should be reserved for uncomplicated cases.

Conclusion: Prolonged monitoring and treatment is a must in complicated septic joint. Protected weight-bearing is important until bone quality improves as evident by serial radiography

Biography:

Dr Sarah Kyne is a Paediatric Senior House Officer. She is currently on the second year of her training scheme in Ireland in Paeditrics.  She graduated from Trinity College Dublin in June 2016 and completed her first year of intern training in St James’s Hospital in Dublin. After this she applied straight to the Paeditric Training scheme and carriied out her first year on this scheme on General Paediatrics in Galway. She is currently working at the National Maternity Hospital, Holles Street, Dublin on Neonatology. Dr Kyne is in the process of completeing her Paediatric Membership exams.

Abstract:

Wheeze and cough are common presentations to the Paediatric Emergency Department. The aim of this closed loop retrospective audit was to assess compliance with the current clinical guidelines in University Hospital Galway regarding the management of acute wheeze. Emergency Presentations were first examined during an eleven week period from the 1st of July to the 18th of September 2017 (Audit Period 1) where the management of acute wheeze in the Emergency Department was evaluated. A teaching session was then held to all Consultant and NCHD staff on the 9th of November 2017. A re-audit (Audit Period 2) was   then carried out between 20th of November to the 31st of December 2017. With this closed loop audit, we saw that there was an improvement from an overall 78% compliance of Acute Wheeze guidelines during Audit Period 1 to 89% in Audit Period 2. In particular, we saw an improvement in the use of meter-dose-inhalers for the moderate wheeze category. Despite this improvement; there was still an under-admission of severe wheeze children to the Paediatric Ward with a portion of these being discharged home with an asthma action plan. This audit identified a number of key areas to improve compliance with the University Hospital Galway Acute Wheeze Guidelines. Improvements were seen after the first teaching session however, with the change of staff frequently every six to twelve months among the paediatric staff; it is important to have ongoing education and audits to ensure compliance with treatment guidelines.

Biography:

Hissa Mohammed has completed her MSc in Medical Imaging from University of Aberdeen. She is the radiology supervisor in communcable disease Centre in Qatar. She has published 2 papers in online journals regarding pediatric patient care in radiology department.

Abstract:

Background: Effective communication in this process plays a positive role because through various studies it is noticed that when radiographer and nurses talk politely and nicely with the paediatric patients during diagnostic imaging procedure then it delivers positive impact in their mind. Radiographer has the responsibility for ensuring effective communication in order to accomplish successful imaging (Dunlop, 2015). Through various studies it is analysed that talking nicely with paediatric patients release dopamine chemical in their brain which makes them feel comfortable. Thus, it is extremely essential that members of radiologist and team members should incorporate polite tones while talking their patients because it will resultant in obtaining successful imaging in effective and efficient way possible. Although effective communication also resultant in creating better relationship (Perry, et. al., 2018).

Summary of work: It analyzed that effective communication between radiographer and paediatric patient helps the radiographer in getting clear and successful imaging. In this study, it is suggested that when radiographer although, it is also analyzed that effective communication helps radiographer in building effective relationship with patients. Patients also feel good and satisfying when they observe that tone for their radiographer is extremely polite.

Findings: From the analyses it is investigated that effective communication by a radiographer plays a vital role in successful imaging of the patients (Dunlop, 2015).

Discussion: Effective communication leads to successful imaging procedure and it also deliver benefits in reduction of radiation dose in ASD patients.

Conclusion: It is concluded that effective communication between radiographer and paediatric patients during imaging process has two main fundamental benefits. Firstly, effective communication helps in accomplishing successful imaging during the process. Secondly, it also resultant in creating better relationship between radiographer and paediatric patients.

Biography:

Anatoly F Romanchishen is a Professor of Surgery and Oncology, Chief of Hospital Surgery and Oncology Department of Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical Academy, Director of St. Petersburg Center of Endocrine Surgery and Oncology, Member of American, European, Asian, and Italian (Honorable), Associations of Endocrine Surgeons, Honored Doctor of Russian Federation.

Abstract:

Introduction: During embryonic development thyroid tissue gradually falls down fromtongue root to the typical thyroid gland’s place. Lingual Goiter emerge in 1 patients of 100.000 population and in 1 (0.03%) of 3000 Thyroid Diseases patient. We observed 8 (0.025%) lingual goiter (LG) of 32022 thyroid diseases patient (1973 - 2019) and 3 of them were operated on. As a result of thyroid tissue (TT) omitting LG, supra – praehyoid - behind and infrahyoid goiter of thyroid remnants along of thyroglossal duct could appeared with (ectopia) or without (dystopia) presence TT in typical place. Indications for Surgical treatment of a LG patients: relapse or profuse bleeding, aggressive groves of LG with dyspnea and dysphagia; suspicions of malignancy, thyrotoxic LG. Thyroid disorders are one of the most common endocrine problems in children and adolescents. Children with thyroid disorders usually present with an enlargement of the thyroid gland (goitre), with or without symptoms of thyroid hormone deficiency or excess. These symptoms are generally insidious in onset, which may delay diagnosis by several weeks to several months. Because a goitre is often the first sign of thyroid disease, the diagnostic considerations can be approached from the perspective of the goitre. By far, the most frequent cause of a goitre is autoimmune thyroid disease, although a benign colloid goitre is also a common cause. The present review focuses on the diagnostic approach to a child with a hypothyroid, hyperthyroid or euthyroid goitre. The most common finding related to thyroid disease is a diffuse enlargement of the thyroid, with the right lobe being frequently larger than the left lobe. The enlargement of the thyroid is generally mediated by an increase in the pituitary-derived thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) or in antibodies that bind to the TSH receptor, such as the thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs) found in Graves disease. Inflammation or infiltration may cause diffuse, symmetrical enlargement, although the gland is usually asymmetric and nodular. The most common inflammatory process is autoimmune thyroiditis

Keywords: Goitre, Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, Thyroid nodule

Material and Method: Patient 39 years old woman with lingual, suprahyoid and praehyoid thyroid gland goiter (1997). She had tumor mass in the root of tongue, supra - and praehyoid part of the neck from 10 years old. Since 1994 the tumors has increased in size quickly and caused of dyspnea, dysphagia and nasonnement voice changing. CT scans of the patient neck has shoved: LG narrowed of oropharings, TT is absent in typical place. Surgery of patients (August 08. 1997). submandibular approach has find LG, suprahyoid, praehyoid goiters and was take it out 04. O8. 1997. 2.5 month later after patients operation was performed Tc99m scintigram - radiodrug accumulation was absent on the neck. She takes the replacement LT4 therapy.

Conclusion: 1. Wait-and-see policy of lingual goiter patients treatment can be dangerous because suffocation might occur.

2. Lingual goiter would be successfully removal through   neck submandibular approach with lingual root resection.

Biography:

Kristina Vabalayte is a Professor of Surgery and Oncology, Department of Hospital Surgery of Saint-Petersburg Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg Center of Endocrine Surgery and Oncology, Russia.

Abstract:

Background:  For patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), the effect of radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy on gonadal and reproductive function is an important consideration.

Objective and Methods: 127 children were operated on thyroid in case of DTC during 1975-2015. 87 pts were treated by RAI (1-13 times).  Average age is 15 years (4-18).  Histological types of DTC were papillary (69%), follicular (27%) and other (4%). Average follow up period is 3 year (2-40). We analyzed effect of therapeutic RAI on sex steroid level; on ovarian function, menses, ovulation in women; sperm in men; future fertility; pregnancy outcomes.

Results: Early side effects (during 1^st week after RAI) includednausea and vomiting (29%), sialoadenitis (22%), temporal bone marrow dysfunction (6%).  Late side effects included permanent salivary glands’ dysfunction (2%), permanent bone marrow dysfunction (4%), lung fibrosis (5%), second tumors – leucosis, breast cancer (4%), and fertility disorder (7%). Fertility was analyzed in 78 pts. Sterility (2%), amenorrhea (4%), changes in menstrual period (5%), miscarriage (4%).

Conclusion: RAI should be prescribed only for indications. Sexual cell should be cryopreserve before RAI.

Biography:

Farida Abid serves as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Pediatric Neurology at Baylor College of Medicine. She is a graduate of Dow Medical College in Karachi, Pakistan. She then moved to the USA. She completed her Pediatric Residency at the University of Medicine and Dentistry at New Jersey (UMDNJ), followed by a Pediatric Neurology fellowship at Baylor College of Medicine. She has worked at University of Oklahoma (OUHSC) as an assistant Professor (2006-2011). Also, she is a graduate of the OUHSC Faculty Leadership Program. She joined Baylor College of Medicine (BCM) in 2011. She is board certified in Neurology with a special qualification in Child Neurology. 

Abstract:

Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is a very severe neurodegenerative disease which causes progressive muscle atrophy and weakness due to loss of the anterior horn cells in the spinal cord and the lower brain stem nuclei. SMA is second most common autosomal recessive disorder and the most common genetic cause of death in infancy. It is caused by deficiency of survival of motor neuron (SMN) protein due to pathogenic variant in the SMN1 gene. SMA is classified clinically into four subtypes based on the age of onset and maximum motor function achieved. SMA type 1 (most severe form) is present with weakness and hypotonia before six months of age. Type II manifest between ages six and 12 months. Type III manifests between ages 18 to 36 months. Type IV (adult onset) develops muscle weakness in second or third decade. There is no cure for SMA and until recently only supportive treatment was available but the approval of Nusinersen and Zolgesma, has revolutionized the outcome of SMA. Nusinersen (Spinraza) is an antisense oligonucleotide for the treatment of SMA that increases the production of full- length SMN protein. Zolgesma is a gene therapy that restores the deleted SMN1 gene. Both Nusinersen and Zolgesma have demonstrated significant and clinically meaningful efficacy on the achievement of motor milestones and measures of motor function, as well as favorable safety across all types of SMA and significantly greater event-free survival in infants with infantile-onset SMA. It’s important to recognize some of the early signs and symptoms of SMA and diagnose presymptomatic patients by Newborn screen for better outcome of this devastating disease.

Biography:

Roberta Ivanira Silva do Carmo has her expertise in review manuscript and providing valuable comments for international journals. Her passion in work in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and pediatric Intensive Care allows to develop research aimed at contributing for improving health care through the her observation during the provision of assistance in intensive care. She work on the development of new research related to congenital diaphragmatic hernia in children and newborn. Her expertise is in developing research about retrospective cohort and data collection based on the review ofmedical records.

Abstract:

Introduction: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is associated with a failure in the fusion of the caudal pleuroperitoneal membranes that form the diaphragm, resulting in a defect of continuity, with potential thoracic migration of the abdominal structures under formation, resulting in compression of the lungs.1---3. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe and analyze the prognosis of children during the first year of life with a diagnosis of congenital diaphragmatic hernia admitted between the years 2005 and 2015 in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Method: In a retrospective cohort, 129 children with a diagnosis of congenital diaphragmatic hernia were studied. The prognostic factors were analyzed, whereupon prenatal, delivery, and postnatal exposure variables were associated with death during the first year of life. The odds ratio and the confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated for all the studied variables, using the chi-squared test and Student’s t-test.

Results: The study included 129 children hospitalized from January of 2005 to December of 2015. Seventy-nine (61%) patients died, 50 survived, and 33 had other associated malforma-tions. Among the prognostic factors, the following were significant and increased the chance of death: polyhydramnios (p = 0.001), gestational age of the earliest diagnosis (p = 0.004), asso-ciated congenital abnormalities (OR: 3.013, p = 0.022), pO2 of the first gasometry (p = 0.000), pCO2 of the first gasometry (p = 0.000), presence of pulmonary hypoplasia (OR: 3.074, p = 0.000), use of preoperative vasoactive drugs (OR: 2.881, p = 0.000), and use of nitric oxide (OR: 1.739, p = 0.000). The presence of only intestines in the hernia content was a protective factor (OR: 0.615, p = 0.001).

Conclusion: The mortality in the first year of life in patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia in this study was 61% in the years 2005---2015. Among the prognostic factors that demonstrated a significant effect, pulmonary hypoplasia had the greatest impact.

Biography:

Dr Vivek Mehta has completed his graduation from Kurukshetra University and post-graduation (M.D.S) from Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George Medical University, India in Pediatric Dentistry on merit basis. He was a distinction holder in graduation, won best table clinics by IDA and  was the first Indian to receive Henry M. Thornton Fellowship from SCADA, U.S.A i.e. Student Clinician American Dental Association for my post-graduate studies in 2006 and  also rewarded with Fellowship from Pierre Fauchard Academy, USA in 2013. He has completed Diploma in Hospital administration from National Institute of Health and Family Welfare, New Delhi, and Post Graduate Diploma in Child Rights Law from National Law School University of India.  Currently he is working as Professor in a Central Government University in New Delhi, India with a total teaching and clinical work experience of more than 12 years.

Abstract:

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease which has caused great impact on the healthcare systems across the globe. Despite worldwide efforts to prevent and slow down transmission of the viral pandemic, outbreak could not be controlled. All the healthcare professionals are at risk of contracting the disease and dentists are at increased risk of exposure.

It has affected people of all age-groups and child patients are no exception. Therefore pediatric dentists have an important role to play in the prevention of this viral pandemic. Aim of this webinar presentation is to create awareness amongst the pediatricians, pediatric dentists and general dental practitioners regarding management protocols, how to minimize risk to child patients in pandemic, prevent infection and to slow transmission of Covid-19.